ACADEMIC ENGLISH

Academic English style is generally evident in a:
Journal (like a technical/academic magazine); Text book; Essay; Academic article; Report; Dissertation; Thesis; etc. WRITTEN
Lecture; Talk; Workshop; Presentation; Tutorial; Seminar; Conference; etc. SPOKEN
Different style of language compared to General English. Key features include:

More abstract, more impersonal, more structured, more organised, usually formal (written), often more technical, often more complex, avoids ambiguity, may include references to other sources.

-Avoid personal pronouns, eg. I, me, you, us, etc.

-Use the Passive (to be impersonal):
eg. the liquid was heated to 20 degrees C; it can be seen that the species evolved.

-Avoid contractions in written academic Eng., but usually OK spoken:
eg. It will not be resolved (not “won’t”); the conclusions are not definitive (not “aren’t”)

–Nominalisation = using nouns rather than verbs. This sounds more academic:
eg. “…the Norman invasion of Britain in 1066, provoking a huge linguistic change.” is better than “…when the Normans invaded Britain in 1066 and it provoked a huge change.”

-Use plenty of linking words or signpost your discourse:

eg. Firstly; Secondly; Next; A further point; Finally; Lastly – LISTING

Moreover; In addition (to); Additionally; Furthermore; What is more – ADDING INFO.

However; Nevertheless; Nonetheless; Despite; In spite of; Whereas; Whilst; Although; Albeit; Notwithstanding; Be that as it may; On the other hand – CONTRAST/CONCESSION

For example/instance; As an/one example; As exemplified by___; To illustrate – EXAMPLE

According to Smith (1987); As Smith (1987) said; Smith (1987) wrote/stated – REFERENCE

In conclusion; To conclude; To sum up; In brief; All in all; In short – CONCLUSION

*Dispones de más PODCAST en inglés publicados en los cuadernos anteriores
a los que puedes acceder directamente así como al índice de su contenido.